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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Building An Open-source Robotic Stereotaxic Instrument

Building An Open-source Robotic Stereotaxic Instrument

Published on: October 29, 2013

Handheld laparoscopic robotized instrument: progress or challenge?

Jing Feng¹, Kun Yang¹, Zhang Zhang¹

¹Department of Urology, ZhongNan Hospital, Wuhan University, No. 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China.

Surgical Endoscopy

|June 19, 2019

Summary

A force-sensing test platform accurately differentiates laparoscopic skill levels. While experts quickly adapt to robotized instruments, novices require more training to improve performance with new tools.

Keywords:

Force sensor Laparoscopic surgery Multiple freedom Robotized needle holder Suture

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Last Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Building An Open-source Robotic Stereotaxic Instrument

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Published on: October 29, 2013

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Published on: February 7, 2025

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Published on: May 11, 2020

Area of Science:

Minimally Invasive Surgery
Surgical Robotics
Medical Device Technology

Background:

Handheld laparoscopic robotized instruments merge robotic surgery advantages with conventional laparoscopic tools.
Objective standards are crucial for quantifying surgeon skill and validating new instruments.
This study introduces and evaluates a robotized instrument using a force-sensing test platform.

Purpose of the Study:

To objectively evaluate the efficacy of a robotized surgical instrument.
To assess the ability of a force-sensing platform to differentiate surgical skill levels.
To analyze the impact of training on instrument performance.

Main Methods:

A force-sensing test platform with 12 rings was utilized.
Forty volunteers (20 experts, 20 novices) participated.
Participants performed tests with conventional and robotized needle holders, analyzing maximum force and impulse.

Main Results:

Experts exhibited significantly lower maximum force and impulse than novices at baseline.
This skill difference persisted with the robotized needle holder post-training.
No significant performance difference was observed with the robotized vs. conventional holder within groups after training.

Conclusions:

The force-sensing platform accurately identifies laparoscopic skill levels.
Six hours of training is sufficient for experts but insufficient for novices to master robotized instruments.
The platform is valuable for laparoscopic suture training, reflecting user skill.