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Comprehensive Perioperative Management Considerations in Patients Taking Methadone
Elyse M Cornett1, Ryan J Kline2, Spencer L Robichaux3
1Department of Anesthesiology, LSU Health Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA. ecorne@lsuhsc.edu.
Educating staff on opioid-tolerant patients, particularly those on methadone, can reduce risks and misconceptions. This is crucial given the rise in opioid use and overdose deaths.
Area of Science:
- Pain Management
- Pharmacology
- Public Health
Background:
- Opioid pain relievers are widely used for chronic pain, affecting millions of US adults.
- Opioid therapy is associated with risks of abuse and dependence, leading guidelines to question its first-line use.
- Methadone is a key medication in medication-assisted treatment for substance use disorder, with over 2 million seeking this treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the importance of informed staff in managing opioid-tolerant patients.
- To address risks and misconceptions associated with opioid therapy, especially methadone.
- To emphasize a comprehensive approach to pain management.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on opioid use, pain management, and medication-assisted treatment.
- Analysis of trends in opioid pain reliever use and overdose deaths.
- Examination of recommended multidisciplinary pain management strategies.
Main Results:
- Opioid pain relievers were the second most used drug in 2015 (3.8 million users).
- Overdose deaths tripled between 2000 and 2015.
- A multidisciplinary approach is recommended for optimal outcomes in patients undergoing opioid therapy.
Conclusions:
- Well-informed healthcare staff are essential for mitigating risks and misconceptions in opioid-tolerant patients.
- Multimodal pain management and opioid-sparing techniques are crucial for safe and effective treatment.
- A comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach improves outcomes for patients on opioid therapy.
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