Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Anticancer Efficacy of Photodynamic Therapy with Lung Cancer-Targeted Nanoparticles
Published on: December 1, 2016
Targeted Therapies in Non-small-Cell Lung Cancer
Addie Hill1, Rohan Gupta1, Dan Zhao1
1Department of Medical Oncology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
Abstract:
The treatment landscape for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has dramatically shifted over the past two decades. Targeted or precision medicine has primarily been responsible for this shift. Older paradigms of treating metastatic NSCLC with cytotoxic chemotherapy, while still important, have given way to evaluating tumor tissues for specific driver mutations that can be treated with targeted agents. Patients treated with targeted agents frequently have improved progression-free survival and overall survival compared to patients without a targetable driver mutation, highlighting the clinical benefit of precision medicine. In this chapter, we explore the historic landmark trials, the current state of the field, and potential future targets under investigation, in this exciting, rapidly evolving discipline of precision medicine in lung cancer.
Insights
Precision medicine has transformed non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment over 20 years. Identifying specific mutations allows targeted therapies, significantly improving patient survival and outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Genomics
- Translational Medicine
Background:
- The treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has evolved significantly.
- Cytotoxic chemotherapy was the standard, but precision medicine is now central.
- Targeted therapies offer improved outcomes for patients with specific mutations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the evolution of precision medicine in NSCLC.
- To discuss landmark trials and current treatment strategies.
- To explore future therapeutic targets in lung cancer.
Main Methods:
- Review of historical clinical trials in NSCLC.
- Analysis of current targeted therapy approaches.
- Identification of emerging therapeutic targets.
Main Results:
- Precision medicine has led to improved progression-free and overall survival in NSCLC.
- Targeted agents demonstrate significant clinical benefit compared to non-targeted approaches.
- The field is rapidly advancing with new targets under investigation.
Conclusions:
- Precision medicine represents a paradigm shift in NSCLC treatment.
- Identifying and targeting specific driver mutations is crucial for patient benefit.
- Continued research into novel targets promises further advancements in lung cancer therapy.
Related Concept Videos
Targeted Cancer Therapies
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
Cancer Therapies
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
Lung Capacity
Gene Therapy
Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell...
Target Cell Response to Hormones
Notably, the cellular response can be regulated by altering the number of receptors expressed in the cell. For example, prolonged exposure to elevated hormone levels results in a gradual decline or down-regulation in the number of receptors for that specific hormone on the cell surface. Conversely, in response to low hormone levels, cells may use up-regulation, producing an...

