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Elastography for the evaluation of thyroid nodules in pediatric patients

Gustavo Bittar Cunha1, Luciana Cristante Izar Marino1, André Yamaya1

  • 1Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Radiologia Brasileira
|June 19, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Elastography, a non-invasive imaging technique, shows promise in evaluating pediatric thyroid nodules. High elasticity suggests a low cancer risk, potentially reducing unnecessary surgeries for children and adolescents.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Diagnostic Imaging
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Thyroid nodules are common in children and adolescents.
  • Accurate diagnosis is crucial to differentiate benign from malignant lesions.
  • Elastography offers a non-invasive method to assess tissue stiffness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the utility of manual compression elastography as an adjunct diagnostic tool for pediatric thyroid nodules.
  • To correlate elastography findings with histopathological diagnoses.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study involving 32 pediatric patients (6-18 years) with 38 thyroid nodules.
  • Elastography, ultrasound, and fine-needle aspiration biopsy were performed.
  • Elastography findings were compared to histopathology.

Main Results:

  • Elastography findings correlated with histopathology in 78.5% of cases.
  • High elasticity was observed in only one malignant nodule, suggesting a low risk.
  • Prioritizing elastography could have prevented three unnecessary thyroidectomies.

Conclusions:

  • High elasticity on elastography indicates a low risk of malignancy in pediatric thyroid nodules.
  • Elastography may serve as a valuable complementary screening tool for pediatric thyroid nodules.
  • Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Abstract

Keywords:
ChildElasticity imaging techniquesThyroid neoplasmsThyroid nodule/diagnostic imagingUltrasonography

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