Histiocytosis X: current concepts and a report of two cases

The current concepts of histiocytosis X are discussed, and the literature concering this rare disease of obscure aetiology reviewed. Two case reports of histiocytosis X presenting in similar sites in young children of similar ages, but with markedly different courses, are presented. The importance of early recognition of the disease, particularly by the dental surgeon who may see the first oral signs, is stressed. Attention is drawn to the danger of misdiagnosing the oral signs of histiocytosis X, particularly as periodontal disease. The possible aetiologies are examined and current treatment regimes discussed.