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Plectoneme dynamics and statistics in braided polymers.

Giada Forte1, Michele Caraglio2, Davide Marenduzzo3

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Polymer chain braids form complex plectonemic structures, transitioning from straight to buckled states. This study reveals the dynamics of plectoneme formation and provides a theory explaining their behavior, crucial for understanding polymer physics.

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer physics
  • Soft matter physics
  • Computational chemistry

Background:

  • Two interwoven polymer chains exhibit a buckling transition.
  • This transition is attributed to the formation of plectonemic structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the dynamics of plectoneme formation in polymer braids.
  • Characterize the steady-state statistics of plectonemes.
  • Develop a theoretical framework for plectoneme dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Brownian dynamics simulations
  • Analytical modeling
  • Order parameter analysis (plectonemic fraction)

Main Results:

  • Mapped the phase boundary between straight-braid and plectonemic phases.
  • Observed phase separation kinetics (fusion, fission) and DNA supercoiling dynamics (plectonemic hopping).
  • Identified power laws governing plectoneme coarsening.

Conclusions:

  • Plectoneme formation in polymer braids shares similarities with liquid-gas phase separation and DNA supercoiling.
  • A stochastic field theory successfully explains simulation results and plectoneme coarsening dynamics.