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Sex-specific differences in the association between birth weight and lung volume in Japanese young adults

Kazuki Anabuki1, Shintaro Miyamoto1, Shin Akita1

  • 1Department of Hematology and Respiratory Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku City, Kochi 783-8505, Japan.

Respiratory Investigation
|June 20, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Birth weight is linked to adult lung function in young Japanese adults. This association, particularly for forced vital capacity, is stronger in males.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Developmental Biology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Fetal growth disturbances can impact adult lung function and increase the risk of pulmonary diseases.
  • Previous research on the link between low birth weight and adult lung function is inconsistent.
  • The sex-specific relationship between birth weight and adult lung volume in Japan remains understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between birth weight and adult lung volume.
  • To explore potential sex differences in this association within the Japanese population.

Main Methods:

  • Spirometry was performed on 193 healthy, never-smoking medical students (aged 20-29) at Kochi University.
  • Birth weight and weight at 3 years of age were collected from maternal and child handbooks.
  • Statistical analyses examined correlations between spirometric parameters and early-life weights.

Main Results:

  • Birth weight showed a significant positive correlation with percent predicted forced vital capacity (%FVC).
  • Sex-specific analysis revealed a significant correlation between birth weight and %FVC in males, but not in females.
  • Weight at 3 years also correlated with %FVC in males.

Conclusions:

  • Birth weight is a significant predictor of pulmonary function in young Japanese adults.
  • The association between birth weight and lung function is more pronounced in males.
  • Early-life growth, indicated by birth weight, may have lasting effects on respiratory health.
Abstract

Keywords:
COPDFetal growthLung volumeSpirometry

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