Personalized medicine in breast cancer: pharmacogenomics approaches

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Genetics
• Pharmacogenomics

Background:

• Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer death in women globally.
• Current therapeutic regimens lack universal efficacy across all breast cancer subtypes.
• Tumor heterogeneity presents a significant challenge in developing effective treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the molecular classification of breast cancer subtypes.
• To discuss tumor heterogeneity in breast cancer.
• To evaluate current drug regimens considering pharmacogenomics, response, and resistance.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of molecular diagnostics and breast cancer classification.
• Analysis of pharmacogenomic strategies in cancer therapy.
• Discussion of inter-tumoral and intra-tumoral heterogeneity.

Main Results:

• Molecular classification has led to improved therapeutic strategies and patient survival.
• Pharmacogenomics offers a way to minimize toxicity and maximize drug efficacy.
• Genetic profiling enables the development of targeted therapies.

Conclusions:

• Personalized medicine approaches, including pharmacogenomics, are crucial for advancing breast cancer treatment.
• Understanding molecular subtypes and tumor heterogeneity is key to overcoming treatment resistance.
• Novel therapeutic strategies based on molecular insights improve patient outcomes.