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Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Use of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation to Assess the Origin of Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Published on: October 3, 2018
Idiopathic pneumonia syndrome following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Orly R Klein1, Kenneth R Cooke1
1Department of Oncology, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Abstract:
Non-infectious lung injury following hematopoietic stem cell transplant may be driven by either immune or non-immune pathways of inflammation. Common alloimmune lung complications include idiopathic pneumonia syndrome (IPS), transfusion related lung injury, diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, and peri-engraftment respiratory distress syndrome, with both diffuse alveolar hemorrhage and peri-engraftment respiratory distress syndrome existing as subsets of IPS when infection is absent. This review will discuss the definitions, risk factors, and pathogeneses of IPS and highlight the diagnostic work-up and novel approaches to treatment.
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