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Published on: July 5, 2013
Polyamines in intestinal and pancreatic adaptation
1Department of Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.
Gut
|January 1, 1987
Summary
Polyamines and ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) are crucial for intestinal adaptation. Inhibiting ODC with difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) prevents adaptive hyperplasia in the intestine, highlighting polyamines
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology and Cell Biology
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry
Background:
- Intestinal mucosa exhibits rapid cell turnover and adaptive capacity to various stimuli.
- Luminal nutrients, hormones, and pancreatic/biliary secretions regulate intestinal adaptation and pancreatic function.
- Polyamines and ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) are vital for cell growth and may influence adaptation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of polyamines and ODC in intestinal and pancreatic adaptation.
- To determine the impact of ODC inhibition on adaptive hyperplasia in these tissues.
Main Methods:
- Studied intestinal adaptation following jejunectomy, lactation, and pancreatico-biliary diversion (PBD).
- Administered difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), a specific ODC inhibitor.
- Induced pancreatic hyperplasia using caerulein and assessed effects of DFMO.
Main Results:
- Intestinal ODC and polyamine levels increased during adaptation, correlating with DNA synthesis.
- DFMO administration suppressed intestinal ODC/polyamine increases and abrogated adaptation.
- DFMO inhibited caerulein-induced pancreatic DNA synthesis and partially suppressed hypertrophy, but not PBD-induced pancreatic hypertrophy.
Conclusions:
- ODC induction and polyamine biosynthesis are critical for intestinal mucosal growth and adaptive hyperplasia.
- The role of polyamines in pancreatic adaptation remains less defined, especially in quiescent states.
- Polyamines are essential regulators of intestinal adaptive responses.
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