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Related Concept Videos

Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT01:30

Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT

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Radiological investigations, including X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans, are critical for diagnosing and evaluating various medical conditions. These imaging techniques provide valuable insights into the body's internal structures, aiding in the detection of abnormalities, assessment of disease progression, and development of treatment strategies. This article delves into two primary radiological investigations, chest X-rays and CT scans, outlining their purpose, procedures, and...
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Imaging Studies I: CT and MRI01:14

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Introduction: MRI and CT scans are crucial advancements in medical imaging techniques, playing a vital role in diagnosing conditions related to the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Each scan serves distinct purposes, targets specific areas, and requires unique nursing duties.
Description of the Procedures
Computed Tomography (CT) scan:
Computed Tomography (CT) scans use X-ray technology to generate detailed images of bones, organs, and tissues. During the scan, the patient lies on a moving table...
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT01:28

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT

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Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scanning is an advanced cardiac imaging technique that utilizes CT technology, with or without intravenous (IV) contrast, to produce accurate cross-sectional virtual slices of specific areas of the heart, coronary circulation, and major blood vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary veins, and arteries. The computer processes these slices to generate three-dimensional images. Multidetector CT (MDCT) is a rapid form of CT scanning that captures multiple slices...
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT01:25

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT

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Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
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Agonism and Antagonism: Quantification01:14

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When drugs are administered, they can elicit either an agonist or antagonist effect on the body. Agonism occurs when a drug activates a specific receptor, triggering a biological response. On the other hand, antagonism happens when a drug binds to the same receptors but blocks their activation, thereby preventing a biological response.
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Equivalence: In Vitro and In Vivo Bioequivalence01:17

Equivalence: In Vitro and In Vivo Bioequivalence

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Body:Bioequivalence studies are crucial in evaluating whether new drugs can match an approved one regarding pharmacological effects and clinical performance. These studies test if drugs, despite different dosage forms, share identical plasma concentration-time profiles. Three types of equivalence are central to these studies: chemical, pharmaceutical, and therapeutic. Chemical equivalence indicates that two or more drug products contain identical active ingredients in equal amounts.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 23, 2026

A Whole Body Dosimetry Protocol for Peptide-Receptor Radionuclide Therapy PRRT: 2D Planar Image and Hybrid 2D+3D SPECT/CT Image Methods
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A Whole Body Dosimetry Protocol for Peptide-Receptor Radionuclide Therapy PRRT: 2D Planar Image and Hybrid 2D+3D SPECT/CT Image Methods

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In vivo gadolinium nanoparticle quantification with SPECT/CT.

Olga Kochebina1,2, Adrien Halty3,4, Jacqueline Taleb5,6

  • 1CREATIS-CNRS UMR 5220 - INSERM U1206 - Université Lyon 1 - INSA Lyon - Université Jean Monnet Saint-Etienne, Lyon, 69373, France. kochebina@gmail.com.

EJNMMI Physics
|June 20, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) can quantify gadolinium nanoparticle (Gd-NP) concentration in organs for radiotherapy. This method shows potential for accurate Gd-NP mass measurements, crucial for treatment planning and monitoring.

Keywords:
AGuIXNanoparticlesQuantificationSPECTin vivo

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Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy: A New Approach for Nanoparticle's Mapping and Quantification in Organ Tissue
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An Aptamer-based Sensor for Unchelated GadoliniumIII
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An Aptamer-based Sensor for Unchelated GadoliniumIII
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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Nanotechnology
  • Radiotherapy

Background:

  • Gadolinium nanoparticles (Gd-NP) enhance radiotherapy by increasing radiation dose in tumors.
  • Accurate, noninvasive quantification of Gd-NP concentration is vital for treatment planning and monitoring.
  • In vivo SPECT imaging is explored for quantifying Gd-NP organ concentration in rats.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the accuracy of in vivo SPECT-based quantification of Gd-NP organ concentration.
  • To assess the feasibility of SPECT for Gd-NP mass measurements in preclinical models.

Main Methods:

  • Gadolinium nanoparticles (Gd-NPs) were labeled with 111In radionuclide.
  • SPECT images were acquired from phantoms and rats with varying Gd-NP doses.
  • Images underwent corrections for attenuation, scatter, and partial volume effects; results were validated against ICP-MS and gamma counter measurements.

Main Results:

  • SPECT achieved 10% accuracy for Gd mass measurements at activities > 2 MBq or concentrations > 3-4 MBq/mL.
  • Gd mass calculation accuracy depended on the 111In-Gd coefficient, ranging from 2 mg/MBq to 2 µg/MBq.
  • Measurement accuracy was affected by free Gd and 111In from metabolic processes.

Conclusions:

  • SPECT imaging shows potential for in vivo Gd mass measurements, despite challenges like the partial volume effect.
  • The indirect nature of SPECT and potential metabolic clearance differences are key limitations.
  • This study discusses the practical aspects, potential, and limitations of using SPECT for Gd-NP quantification.