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Liver Injury and Failure in Critical Illness

Thomas Horvatits^1,2, Andreas Drolz^1,2, Michael Trauner²

¹Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.

Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)

|June 20, 2019

Abstract:

The frequency of acquired liver injury and failure in critical illness has been significantly increasing over recent decades. Currently, liver injury and failure are observed in up to 20% of patients in intensive care units and are associated with significantly increased morbidity and mortality. Secondary forms of liver injury in critical illness are divided primarily into cholestatic, hypoxic, or mixed forms. Therefore, sufficient knowledge of underlying alterations (e.g., hemodynamic, inflammatory, or drug induced) is key to a better understanding of clinical manifestations, prognostic implications, as well as diagnostic and therapeutic options of acquired liver injury and failure. This review provides a structured approach for the evaluation and treatment of acquired liver injury and failure in critically ill patients.

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