Hydrogen-Peroxide-Generating Electrochemical Scaffold Eradicates Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms

Increasing rates of chronic wound infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria are a crisis in healthcare settings. Biofilms formed by bacterial communities in these wounds create a complex environment, enabling bacteria to persist, even with antibiotic treatment. Wound infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are major causes of morbidity in clinical practice. There is a need for new therapeutic interventions not based on antibiotics. Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) is a known antibacterial/antibiofilm agent, continuous delivery of which has been challenging. A conductive electrochemical scaffold (e-scaffold) is developed, which is composed of carbon fabric that electrochemically reduces dissolved oxygen into H₂O₂ when polarized at -0.6 V_Ag/AgCl, as a novel antibiofilm wound dressing material. In this study, the in vitro antibiofilm activity of the e-scaffold against MRSA is investigated. The developed e-scaffold efficiently eradicates MRSA biofilms, based on bacterial quantitation and ATP measurements. Moreover, imaging hinted at the possibility of cell-membrane damage as a mechanism of action. These results suggest that an H₂O₂-generating e-scaffold may be a novel platform for eliminating MRSA biofilms without using antibiotics and may be useful to treat chronic MRSA wound infections.