Mortality due to mass Hymenoptera attacks: A serious but underrecognized public health problem in a mountainous state of India
Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 23, 2026

The 4 Mountains Test: A Short Test of Spatial Memory with High Sensitivity for the Diagnosis of Pre-dementia Alzheimer's Disease
Published on: October 13, 2016
Sanjay Vikrant1, Ajay Jaryal1, Anupam Parashar2
1Professor and Head, Assistant Professor, Department of Nephrology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India.
Abstract:
Most deaths related to Hymenoptera are a result of immediate hypersensitivity reactions causing anaphylaxis to one or few stings. However, if the patient is exposed to a large quantity of the venom due to mass/multiple stings, massive envenomation can cause death in nonallergic individuals. Thirty-nine cases of acute kidney injury (AKI) who followed mass attacks by Hymenoptera were seen over 15 years, with a reference period between 2003 and 2017. AKI was severe; most (85%) of them required dialysis and one-third died. Mass attacks by Hymenoptera have become a serious public health problem in tropics. There is no antivenom, and treatment in such cases is supportive. Early hospitalization is vital to reduce morbidity and mortality.
Related Concept Videos
Acid Attack on Concrete
The rate at which hydrogen...
Sulfate Attack on Concrete
Sulfates from sources like soil, groundwater, or industrial effluents...
Health Literacy
Atomic Mass
Molar Mass
Purpose of Health Records I
Here's a breakdown of how health records serve these purposes:

