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Multiscale Structure-Function Gradients in the Neonatal Connectome.

Sara Larivière1, Reinder Vos de Wael1, Seok-Jun Hong1,2

  • 1Multimodal Imaging and Connectome Analysis Laboratory, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|June 21, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neonatal brain connectivity shows primary gradients linking sensorimotor and visual areas, correlating with microstructure. A second gradient reveals developing brain organization, highlighting early coordination of structure and function.

Keywords:
connectomicsgradientsmicrostructureneonatesneuroimaging

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Brain Imaging

Background:

  • The adult brain's functional connectome exhibits spatial gradients from unimodal to transmodal cortices, reflecting hierarchical organization and myelination.
  • Understanding neonatal connectome gradients and their link to brain microstructure is crucial but remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and characteristics of connectome gradients in neonates.
  • To examine the association between neonatal connectome gradients and brain structural and microstructural properties.

Main Methods:

  • Derived connectome gradients using unsupervised techniques on functional connectivity data from 40 term-born neonates.
  • Analyzed associations between gradients and MRI-derived morphological parameters (cortical thickness, sulcal depth, curvature).
  • Assessed links to tissue microstructure (intracortical T1w/T2w, white matter diffusion) and subcortico-cortical functional connectivity.

Main Results:

  • Identified a primary neonatal connectome gradient between sensorimotor and visual regions, associated with cortical and white matter microstructure and thalamo-cortical connectivity.
  • Revealed a second gradient showing anterior-posterior asymmetry and immature unimodal-transmodal differentiation, indicative of developing circuitry.
  • Observed associations were consistent and replicable across individual neonates.

Conclusions:

  • The neonatal connectome exhibits spatial gradients that are coordinated with structural and functional development across multiple scales.
  • Findings suggest early structural-functional interactions are fundamental to establishing adult-like brain organization.
  • The study provides insights into the foundational principles of human brain connectome development.