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Associations between Neighborhood SES and Functional Brain Network Development.

Ursula A Tooley1, Allyson P Mackey2, Rastko Ciric3

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
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Childhood socioeconomic status (SES) influences brain development. Higher SES in youth is linked to distinct patterns in functional brain network topology, particularly in how brain regions connect over time.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Childhood socioeconomic status (SES) is linked to cognitive and mental health outcomes.
  • Previous research focused on brain structure, but the impact of SES on intrinsic neural dynamics is less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES), age, and functional brain network topology.
  • To explore how SES modulates the developmental trajectory of brain network organization.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort (n=1012, ages 8-22).
  • Analyzed functional brain network topology using the clustering coefficient, a measure of local network segregation.
  • Examined associations between age, SES, and network properties, including modularity and clustering.

Main Results:

  • Neighborhood SES explained significant variance in functional brain network topology.
  • Higher SES youth showed a stronger positive association between age and clustering coefficient compared to lower SES youth.
  • This SES-moderated developmental effect was prominent in limbic, somatomotor, and ventral attention systems, particularly for intermediate-length connections.

Conclusions:

  • Neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with variations in the developmental trajectory of functional brain network structure during late childhood and adolescence.
  • Findings highlight the role of SES in shaping intrinsic neural dynamics and brain development.