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Drug use in the year after prison
Bruce Western1, Jessica T Simes2
1Columbia University, United States.
Social Science & Medicine (1982)
|June 22, 2019
Summary
Formerly incarcerated individuals often use prescribed medications for health needs, not illegal drugs. This study examines drug use patterns after prison release, finding distinct correlations with health and trauma histories.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Criminology
- Substance Abuse Research
Background:
- The U.S. prison population experiences significant health issues and drug problems.
- Post-prison drug use is a key indicator of public health and social reintegration.
- Understanding drug use post-release is crucial for effective reentry support.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the correlates of legal and illegal drug use among individuals after prison release.
- To investigate the relationship between medication use, illegal drug use, and health status.
- To examine the impact of childhood trauma and prior drug problems on post-release substance use.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the Boston Reentry Study (BRS), a longitudinal survey.
- Interviewed formerly incarcerated men and women four times within the first year post-release.
- Analyzed patterns of legal (medication) and illegal drug use and their correlations.
Main Results:
- Illegal drug use was associated with a history of drug problems and childhood trauma.
- Medication use correlated with poor physical health and a history of mental illness.
- Legal and illegal drug use showed no strong correlation.
Conclusions:
- Formerly incarcerated individuals in a Medicaid expansion state primarily use prescribed medications to manage health needs.
- Medication use is linked to physical and mental health conditions, not illicit drug use.
- Findings suggest effective health coverage post-release can redirect substance use towards appropriate medical care.
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