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Civic honesty around the globe.

Alain Cohn1, Michel André Maréchal2, David Tannenbaum3

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People are more likely to return lost wallets containing more money, challenging economic self-interest theories. This civic honesty behavior is driven by altruism and avoiding self-perception as a thief.

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Economics
  • Social Psychology
  • Global Studies

Background:

  • Civic honesty is crucial for social capital and economic development.
  • Honesty often conflicts with individual material self-interest.
  • Understanding this trade-off is key to societal functioning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between material self-interest and civic honesty globally.
  • To test predictions about honesty in a large-scale field experiment.
  • To identify factors influencing the return of lost items.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted field experiments involving over 17,000 "lost" wallets across 355 cities in 40 countries.
  • Varied the amount of money contained within the wallets.
  • Measured the rate at which returned wallets were contacted by recipients.

Main Results:

  • A significant positive correlation was observed between the amount of money in a wallet and the likelihood of its return, across most countries.
  • This finding was counterintuitive to both laypeople and economists.
  • Increased financial incentive for dishonesty amplified return rates.

Conclusions:

  • Civic honesty is influenced by factors beyond pure economic self-interest, including altruism and self-perception.
  • The desire to avoid viewing oneself as a thief increases with the potential material gain from dishonesty.
  • Results challenge traditional economic models and highlight complex human motivations.