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Does human genome editing reinforce or violate human dignity?

Seppe Segers1, Heidi Mertes1

  • 1Department of Philosophy and Moral Sciences, Bioethics Institute Ghent, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.

Bioethics
|June 22, 2019
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Summary

Germline genome editing raises human dignity concerns, but a ban is not justified. Careful implementation is needed to ensure respect for all individuals, avoiding diminished basic respect.

Keywords:
Oviedo Conventiondisabilityequalitygermline genome editinghuman dignity

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Area of Science:

  • Bioethics
  • Genetics
  • Human Dignity

Background:

  • Germline genome editing faces international policy disapproval due to perceived threats to human dignity.
  • The intersection of emerging genome editing technologies and human dignity remains under-researched.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically examine the concept of human dignity in the context of germline genome editing.
  • To analyze arguments for and against germline genome editing based on human dignity principles.

Main Methods:

  • Review of ethical principles invoked concerning human dignity and germline genome editing.
  • Analysis of the relationship between human dignity, eugenics, genetic heritage, and equality.

Main Results:

  • Human dignity arguments against germline genome editing often cite links to eugenics, genetic heritage, and equality concerns.
  • Conversely, human dignity is also invoked to support germline genome editing for potential well-being improvements in future generations.

Conclusions:

  • Dignity concerns do not warrant a complete prohibition of safe heritable genome editing.
  • Implementation should include safeguards to prevent diminished basic respect and address inherent value judgments about human traits.