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The most common etiological agents of prosthetic joint infections in orthopaedics

Jozef Breznicky1, Martin Novak2

  • 1Orthopaedic Clinic, F. D. Roosevelt Hospital, Banska Bystrica, Slovakia.

Medicinski Glasnik : Official Publication of the Medical Association of Zenica-Doboj Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina
|June 22, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Staphylococcus aureus is the primary cause of acute and delayed prosthetic joint infections. Coagulase-negative staphylococcus is more common in late infections, highlighting the need for targeted prophylaxis and treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopaedics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) are a significant complication in orthopaedic surgery.
  • Identifying causative agents is crucial for effective treatment and prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the spectrum of microbial pathogens responsible for prosthetic joint infections in orthopaedic patients.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of microbiological results from intraoperative samples of 50 patients with periprosthetic infections.
  • Categorization of infections into acute, delayed, and late based on timing.

Main Results:

  • Staphylococcus aureus was the sole pathogen identified in acute PJIs.
  • Staphylococcus aureus was also the most frequent pathogen in delayed PJIs.
  • Coagulase-negative staphylococcus was the predominant pathogen in late PJIs.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the common agents of PJIs aids in patient preparation, antibiotic prophylaxis, and early treatment.
  • Patients with total joint replacements face a lifelong risk of infection, necessitating ongoing vigilance.
Keywords:
Staphylococcus aureuscoagulase-negative staphylococcustotal joint replacement

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