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Does infusion time affect the retention of parenteral trace elements?

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Infusing trace elements quickly (1 hour) versus slowly (10 hours) during parenteral nutrition minimally impacts overall retention. However, faster infusion slightly increased urinary zinc and manganese losses.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Clinical Nutrition
  • Trace Element Metabolism
  • Parenteral Nutrition

Background:

  • Parenteral nutrition (PN) often requires separate administration of vitamins and minerals.
  • Rapid infusion of micronutrients may lead to increased urinary losses due to tissue saturation.
  • Understanding the impact of infusion rates on trace element balance is crucial for optimizing PN.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare urinary trace element losses following rapid (1-hour) versus slow (10-hour) infusion.
  • To evaluate the effect of infusion duration on the retention of key trace elements in postoperative patients receiving PN.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty-nine postoperative patients receiving PN were enrolled.
  • A complete intravenous micronutrient dose was administered over 1 hour and 10 hours in a randomized crossover design.
  • 24-hour urinary losses of zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), selenium (Se), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), and iron (Fe) were measured.

Main Results:

  • Significantly higher urinary zinc losses occurred after 1-hour infusion (7% more of the dose) compared to 10-hour infusion (P=0.01).
  • Significantly higher urinary manganese losses occurred after 10-hour infusion (1% more of the dose) compared to 1-hour infusion (P=0.04).
  • No significant differences in urinary losses were observed for selenium, chromium, copper, or iron between the two infusion rates.

Conclusions:

  • Infusion time appears to have a minimal effect on overall trace element retention in patients receiving parenteral nutrition.
  • Rapid infusion may slightly increase urinary losses of zinc and manganese, suggesting a potential need for dose adjustment or slower infusion for these specific elements.
  • Further research may be warranted to fully elucidate the long-term implications of infusion rates on micronutrient status in PN.