Increasing Silver Nanowire Network Stability through Small Molecule Passivation

Silver nanowire (AgNW) transparent electrodes show promise as an alternative to indium tin oxide (ITO). However, these nanowire electrodes degrade in air, leading to significant resistance increases. We show that passivating the nanowire surfaces with small organic molecules of 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA) does not affect electrode transparency contrary to typical passivation films, and is inexpensive and simple to deposit. The sheet resistance of a 32 nm diameter silver nanowire network coated with MUA increases by only 12% over 120 days when exposed to atmospheric conditions but kept in the dark. The increase is larger when exposed to daylight (588%), but is still nearly two orders of magnitude lower than the resistance increase of unpassivated networks. The difference between the experiments performed under daylight versus the dark exemplifies the importance of testing passivation materials under light exposure.