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A 3D Organotypic Melanoma Spheroid Skin Model
Published on: May 18, 2018
Intratumoral and Combination Therapy in Melanoma and Other Skin Cancers
Arielle Oglesby1, Alain P Algazi2,3, Adil I Daud2
1Cutaneous Oncology Department, Helen Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, 1600 Divisadero Street, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA. Ari.Oglesby@gmail.com.
Abstract:
Skin cancer, as the most physically accessible malignancy, allows for the greatest variety in treatment innovation. The last 2 decades have seen striking increases in the life expectancies of those diagnosed with malignant melanoma. However, many cases remain in which disease prevails against standard treatment, and those patients rely on continuing ingenuity. Drugs that can be injected directly into patients' tumors have become increasingly promising, not least for the reduction in side effects observed. Intratumoral therapy encompasses a wide array of agents, from chemotherapeutic drugs to cancer vaccines. While each show some efficacy, those agents which regulate the immune system likely have the greatest potential for preventing disease progression or recurrence. Recent research has highlighted the importance of the presence of cytotoxic T cells and of keeping regulatory T cells in check. Thus, manipulating the tumor microenvironment is a need in skin cancer therapy, which intratumoral delivery can potentially address. In order to find the best approach to each person's disease, more studies are needed to test intralesional agents in combination with currently approved therapies and with each other.
Insights
Intratumoral therapy offers promising new treatments for skin cancer by directly targeting tumors. Immune-regulating agents show potential for preventing cancer recurrence and progression.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Dermatology
Background:
- Skin cancer treatment has advanced, increasing melanoma survival rates.
- Some skin cancer cases resist standard treatments, necessitating innovative therapeutic strategies.
- Intratumoral therapy, involving direct injection into tumors, is a promising approach with reduced side effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the potential of intratumoral therapy in skin cancer treatment.
- To highlight the role of immune system modulation in preventing cancer recurrence.
- To emphasize the importance of manipulating the tumor microenvironment.
Main Methods:
- Review of current intratumoral therapeutic agents including chemotherapy and cancer vaccines.
- Analysis of research on the role of cytotoxic and regulatory T cells in skin cancer.
- Discussion of intratumoral delivery systems for targeted cancer treatment.
Main Results:
- Intratumoral therapies demonstrate varying degrees of efficacy against skin cancer.
- Immune-regulating agents hold significant potential for preventing disease progression and recurrence.
- Manipulating the tumor microenvironment via intratumoral delivery is crucial for effective skin cancer therapy.
Conclusions:
- Intratumoral therapy is a key area for innovation in skin cancer treatment.
- Immune modulation strategies are vital for long-term disease control.
- Further research is needed to optimize intralesional agent combinations with existing therapies.
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