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Updated: Jan 23, 2026
10:04
Electroporation of the Hindbrain to Trace Axonal Trajectories and Synaptic Targets in the Chick Embryo
Published on: May 29, 2013
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Developmental trajectories of the human embryologic brain regions
Kumiko Oishi1, Jill Chotiyanonta2, Dan Wu2
1Center for Imaging Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Neuroscience Letters
|June 23, 2019
Summary
The mesencephalon showed the most active growth in children aged 3-17 years. Understanding these brain region growth patterns can reveal insights into neuroanatomy and function variations.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Developmental Biology
- Comparative Anatomy
Background:
- Vertebrate brains develop from five primary embryologic regions: telencephalon, diencephalon, mesencephalon, metencephalon, and myelencephalon.
- Regional proportions vary significantly across species and developmental stages, influencing neuroanatomy and function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the volumetric growth trajectories of the five major brain regions in children.
- To identify sex- and region-specific patterns in brain development.
Main Methods:
- Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans from 618 healthy children (ages 3-17) were analyzed.
- Brain regions were parcellated to quantify volumes and analyze growth trajectories.
Main Results:
- Sex- and region-specific growth trajectories were identified in the developing brain.
- The mesencephalon exhibited the most rapid volumetric growth in both boys and girls during this age range.
Conclusions:
- The mesencephalon is a key area of rapid growth in childhood brain development.
- Future research should explore if these patterns are conserved across species and linked to evolutionary processes.
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