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Socially Communicative Eye Contact and Gender Affect Memory.

Sophie N Lanthier1, Michelle Jarick2, Mona J H Zhu3

  • 1Brain, Attention, and Reality Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

Frontiers in Psychology
|June 25, 2019
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Summary

Socially communicative eye gaze from live individuals impacts memory differently for males and females. Non-communicative gaze, like from videos, does not affect memory, highlighting the importance of real social interaction.

Keywords:
attentioneye contactgazegendermemory

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Social Neuroscience
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • Eye gaze is a crucial social cue influencing cognitive processes.
  • Previous research on social attention often uses static images, potentially missing communicative nuances.
  • The impact of socially communicative eye gaze on memory remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how socially communicative eye gaze from a live person affects memory.
  • To determine if the effects of eye gaze on memory differ between genders.
  • To ascertain if the communicative nature of eye gaze is essential for memory effects.

Main Methods:

  • Experiments involved live speakers (male and female) making or not making eye contact during word recognition tasks.
  • A control experiment used a video of a speaker to isolate the effect of communicative eye gaze.
  • Participants included both males and females across four experiments.

Main Results:

  • Live eye contact improved word recognition for female participants but hindered it for male participants.
  • These gender-specific effects were consistent across different investigators and durations of eye contact.
  • Memory effects linked to eye gaze disappeared when a non-communicative video stimulus was used.

Conclusions:

  • The socially communicative aspect of eye gaze, specifically from a live person, significantly influences memory.
  • Gender plays a critical role in how individuals interpret and respond to eye gaze.
  • Future research on social attention and memory should prioritize using interactive, communicative stimuli like live individuals.