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Speed of Retinal Vascularization in Retinopathy of Prematurity: Risk and Protective Factors

Ana Maria Solans Pérez de Larraya1, José María Ortega Molina1, José Uberos Fernández2

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain.

Biomed Research International
|June 25, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Intubation duration and severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia delay retinal vascularization in preterm infants with retinopathy of prematurity. However, increased weight gain supports healthy retinal vascular development.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neonatology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a significant cause of visual impairment in preterm infants.
  • Understanding factors influencing retinal vascular development is crucial for ROP management.
  • Delayed retinal vascularization is a key concern in ROP.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify risk and protective factors affecting retinal vascular development in preterm infants.
  • To analyze variables associated with delayed retinal vascularization (<0.5 DD/week) in ROP.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 185 preterm infants with ROP was studied between 2000 and 2017.
  • Risk factors for slow retinal vascularization (<0.5 DD/week) were assessed.
  • Multivariate logistic regression identified significant predictors.

Main Results:

  • Several factors were initially associated with delayed vascularization, including intubation days, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) grade 3, and weight gain.
  • Multivariate analysis revealed intubation days (p=0.005), BPD grade 3 (p=0.022), and weight gain at 4-6 weeks (p=0.031) as significant.
  • Avascular temporal area, gestational age, transfusions, sepsis, apnea, PDA, and CPAP were also analyzed.

Conclusions:

  • Prolonged intubation and severe BPD (grade 3) are linked to delayed retinal vascular development in ROP.
  • Adequate postnatal weight gain promotes appropriate retinal vascularization rates.
  • These findings aid in optimizing care for preterm infants at risk of ROP.
Abstract

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