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Sleep Apnea01:21

Sleep Apnea

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Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
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Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep01:24

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Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation01:13

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Insufficient sleep refers to not getting the recommended amount of sleep for optimal functioning, even if it's just slightly less than needed. Sleep insufficiency may occur due to lifestyle choices, such as staying up late for social events or work, resulting in routinely getting less sleep than required. For example, consistently sleeping 6 hours when the body needs 7-9 hours can lead to cumulative effects on health and well-being.
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Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
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Sleep Disorders and Stroke: Does Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Decrease Risk of Ischemic Stroke?

Melvin Parasram1, Alan Z Segal2

  • 1Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 520 East 70th Street Starr-607, New York, NY, 10021, USA.

Current Treatment Options in Neurology
|June 25, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is linked to a higher risk of ischemic stroke. While continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) may improve outcomes in stroke patients with OSA, more research is needed to confirm stroke risk reduction.

Keywords:
Cardiovascular riskCerebrovascular riskContinuous positive airway pressureObstructive sleep apneaStroke

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Cardiology
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is increasingly recognized as a significant risk factor for cerebrovascular events.
  • The association between OSA and ischemic stroke necessitates a thorough review of current evidence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) as a risk factor for ischemic stroke.
  • To review current OSA treatment strategies and their impact on ischemic stroke risk.
  • To critically evaluate the efficacy of OSA treatment in reducing stroke risk and improving outcomes in post-stroke patients.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of observational studies, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and meta-analyses.
  • Analysis of clinical data on OSA treatment and ischemic stroke incidence and outcomes.
  • Assessment of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and surgical treatment efficacy.

Main Results:

  • Observational studies suggest an increased ischemic stroke risk in untreated OSA patients, though not statistically significant compared to CPAP-treated patients.
  • Current RCTs and meta-analyses show no significant reduction in ischemic stroke risk with CPAP treatment for OSA.
  • CPAP treatment in post-stroke patients with OSA demonstrates improved outcomes, but data on subsequent stroke risk reduction is limited.

Conclusions:

  • OSA is associated with an elevated risk of ischemic stroke, warranting appropriate therapeutic intervention.
  • While promising, current evidence is insufficient to definitively conclude that OSA treatment reduces ischemic stroke risk or subsequent events.
  • Further research is essential to clarify the role of OSA treatment, including surgical options, in mitigating cerebrovascular risk.