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Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Using Cholesky Decomposition to Explore Individual Differences in Longitudinal Relations between Reading Skills
Published on: September 17, 2019
A re-examination of the individual differences approach that explains occupational resilience and psychological
Brody Heritage1, Clare S Rees2, Rebecca Osseiran-Moisson3
1Discipline of Psychology, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Aims:
This study re-examines the validity of a model of occupational resilience for use by nursing managers, which focused on an individual differences approach that explained buffering factors against negative outcomes such as burnout for nurses.
Background:
The International Collaboration of Workforce Resilience model (Rees et al., 2015, Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 73) provided initial evidence of its value as a parsimonious model of resilience, and resilience antecedents and outcomes (e.g., burnout). Whether this model's adequacy was largely sample dependent, or a valid explanation of occupational resilience, has been subsequently un-examined in the literature to date. To address this question, we re-examined the model with a larger and an entirely new sample of student nurses.
Methods:
A sample of nursing students (n = 708, AgeM ( SD ) = 26.4 (7.7) years), with data examined via a rigorous latent factor structural equation model.
Results:
The model upheld many of its relationship predictions following further testing.
Conclusions:
The model was able to explain the individual differences, antecedents, and burnout-related outcomes, of resilience within a nursing context.
Implications For Nursing Management:
The results highlight the importance of skills training to develop mindfulness and self-efficacy among nurses as a means of fostering resilience and positive psychological adjustment.
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