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The chloride anion as a signalling effector.

Ángel G Valdivieso1,2, Tomás A Santa-Coloma1,2

  • 1Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute for Biomedical Research (BIOMED), School of Medical Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Argentina, Buenos Aires 1107, Argentina.

Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society
|June 25, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Chloride anions (Cl-) are recognized as crucial signaling effectors regulating cellular homeostasis. Understanding Cl- signaling is vital for comprehending cellular functions and related pathologies.

Keywords:
CFTRCl−chloride anioninflammationintracellular signallingoxidative stressproinflammatory signalsecond messengersignal transduction

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Molecular Signaling
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Chloride anion (Cl-) is increasingly recognized as a signaling effector.
  • It plays a key role in regulating cellular homeostasis.
  • Altered Cl- transport is implicated in various pathologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence supporting the role of chloride anions as signaling effectors.
  • To highlight the impact of intracellular Cl- concentration on cellular functions.
  • To underscore the importance of Cl- signaling in understanding diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on chloride signaling.
  • Analysis of studies demonstrating Cl- 's role in cellular processes.
  • Synthesis of evidence on Cl- 's involvement in organelle function.

Main Results:

  • Chloride ions (Cl-) significantly influence gene expression, protein modifications, cell volume, and proliferation.
  • Cl- affects membrane potential, reactive oxygen species, and pH balance.
  • Chloride signaling impacts organelle functions, including mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum.

Conclusions:

  • Chloride anions (Cl-) are established signaling molecules with broad cellular effects.
  • Further understanding of Cl- signaling pathways is essential for therapeutic advancements.
  • Chloride's role extends to regulating organelle function and overall cellular health.