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A Mouse Distraction Osteogenesis Model
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Vitamin E Promotes Bone Formation in a Distraction Osteogenesis Model.

Hüseyin Akçay1, Keremcan Kuru1, Birkan Tatar1

  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Faculty of Dentistry.

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|June 25, 2019
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Summary

Systemic Vitamin E administration during distraction osteogenesis (DO) significantly enhanced new bone formation in rabbits. This vitamin E application may shorten the overall treatment time for mandibular DO.

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Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Biomaterials Science

Background:

  • Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is a surgical technique for bone lengthening.
  • The prolonged consolidation phase of DO can result in complications like delayed union and malunion.
  • Systemic Vitamin E is an antioxidant with potential roles in tissue healing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of systemic Vitamin E in enhancing bone regeneration during mandibular distraction osteogenesis.
  • To evaluate the impact of Vitamin E on bone mineral density, content, and histomorphometric parameters in a rabbit model.

Main Methods:

  • Mandibular distraction osteogenesis was performed on 16 New Zealand rabbits.
  • Experimental group received intraperitoneal injections of Vitamin E (α-tocopherol) at 200 mg/kg daily.
  • Bone regeneration was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), radiography, and histomorphometry after a 30-day consolidation period.

Main Results:

  • Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry revealed significantly higher bone mineral density and bone mineral content in the Vitamin E-treated group.
  • Histomorphometric analysis showed statistically significant increases in osteoblast and osteoclast numbers, vessel count, and newly formed bone area in the experimental group.
  • No complications were mentioned for the Vitamin E group.

Conclusions:

  • Systemic Vitamin E application during mandibular distraction osteogenesis promotes new bone formation in rabbits.
  • Vitamin E may accelerate the bone healing process, potentially shortening the consolidation period in DO.
  • Further research could explore clinical applications of Vitamin E in orthopedic and maxillofacial regeneration.