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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

790
Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
790
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

3.0K
Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
3.0K
Heart Failure I: Introduction01:27

Heart Failure I: Introduction

729
Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
729
Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies01:22

Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies

278
Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.
278
Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics01:22

Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics

825
Heart failure and kidney perfusion are interconnected in a complex way. Reduced renal perfusion and venous congestion are two significant factors that contribute to renal dysfunction in heart failure. The kidneys, primarily responsible for fluid balance in the body, are adversely affected due to compromised cardiac output and increased venous pressure. In response to reduced renal perfusion, the kidneys activate neurohumoral mechanisms to restore balance. However, these mechanisms can be...
825
Heart Failure V: Medical Management01:30

Heart Failure V: Medical Management

227
Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
227

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Post-Myocardial Infarction Heart Failure in Closed-chest Coronary Occlusion/Reperfusion Model in Göttingen Minipigs and Landrace Pigs
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Myocardial viability: heart failure perspective.

Ashley Bock1, Jerry D Estep

  • 1Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.

Current Opinion in Cardiology
|June 25, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Assessing myocardial viability with cardiac imaging is crucial for heart failure patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) and positron emission tomography (PET) are preferred for guiding revascularization decisions.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Heart Failure Research

Background:

  • Coronary artery disease (CAD) and heart failure necessitate evaluating myocardial viability.
  • Revascularization strategies depend on the presence of viable myocardium.
  • Accurate viability assessment guides treatment decisions and improves patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and highlight various imaging modalities for assessing myocardial viability.
  • To discuss the role of imaging in guiding revascularization for patients with heart failure and CAD.
  • To compare the effectiveness of different imaging techniques in predicting outcomes post-revascularization.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on cardiac imaging techniques for myocardial viability.
  • Analysis of studies utilizing cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) and positron emission tomography (PET).
  • Examination of clinical trial data, including the PARR-2 trial, on the impact of viability testing on patient outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) and positron emission tomography (PET) are effective in assessing myocardial viability.
  • Patients with residual viable myocardium after revascularization show increased mortality.
  • PET-guided viability assessment in the PARR-2 trial correlated with improved outcomes, reducing cardiac events.

Conclusions:

  • Viability testing is recommended for patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) and suitable for revascularization.
  • Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) and positron emission tomography (PET) offer superior resolution and sensitivity for viability assessment.
  • Utilizing advanced imaging modalities like CMR and PET can optimize revascularization strategies and improve patient prognosis.