Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Glucose Homeostasis: Regulation of Blood Glucose01:02

Glucose Homeostasis: Regulation of Blood Glucose

3.9K
Carbohydrates consumed through foods are converted into glucose, a crucial energy source for the body. In the prandial state, high blood glucose levels stimulate the secretion of insulin from the pancreas. Insulin inhibits hepatic glucose production and stimulates glucose uptake and metabolism by muscle and adipose tissue. The excess glucose is converted into glycogen and stored in the liver and muscles.
During fasting, when blood glucose levels are low, the pancreas secretes glucagon. it...
3.9K
Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose01:16

Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose

6.5K
Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
6.5K
GTPases and their Regulation02:14

GTPases and their Regulation

9.8K
Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G-proteins), also known as GTPases, are a superfamily of proteins that regulate many cellular processes, such as cell signaling, vesicular transport, and the regulation of cell shape and motility. Mutation or dysfunction of these proteins can lead to disease. There are around 40,000 known G-proteins that can broadly be classified into two groups ‒  small G-proteins consisting of a single domain and large multi-domain G-proteins.
Large G-proteins,...
9.8K
Enzymes02:34

Enzymes

93.9K
Inside living organisms, enzymes act as catalysts for many biochemical reactions involved in cellular metabolism. The role of enzymes is to reduce the activation energies of biochemical reactions by forming complexes with its substrates. The lowering of activation energies favor an increase in the rates of biochemical reactions.
Enzyme deficiencies can often translate into life-threatening diseases. For example, a genetic abnormality resulting in the deficiency of the enzyme G6PD...
93.9K
Enzyme Kinetics01:19

Enzyme Kinetics

103.8K
Enzymes speed up reactions by lowering the activation energy of the reactants. The speed at which the enzyme turns reactants into products is called the rate of reaction. Several factors impact the rate of reaction, including the number of available reactants. Enzyme kinetics is the study of how an enzyme changes the rate of a reaction.
Scientists typically study enzyme kinetics with a fixed amount of enzyme in the controlled environment of a test tube. When more reactant, or substrate, is...
103.8K
Negative Regulator Molecules01:23

Negative Regulator Molecules

38.3K
Positive regulators allow a cell to advance through cell cycle checkpoints. Negative regulators have an equally important role as they terminate a cell’s progression through the cell cycle—or pause it—until the cell meets specific criteria.
38.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Genome-wide association study and predictors of neonatal blood cell traits in Hispanic newborns.

American journal of human genetics·2026
Same author

Predictive prioritization of enhancers associated with pancreatic disease risk.

Cell genomics·2025
Same author

Large-scale multiomic analysis identifies non-coding somatic driver mutations and nominates <i>ZFP36L2</i> as a driver gene for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Gut·2025
Same author

An improved toolkit of gateway- and gibson assembly-compatible vectors for protoplast transfection and agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation.

BMC research notes·2025
Same author

FGFR2 directs inhibition of WNT signaling to regulate anterior fontanelle closure during skull development.

Development (Cambridge, England)·2025
Same author

Large-scale multi-omic analysis identifies noncoding somatic driver mutations and nominates <i>ZFP36L2</i> as a driver gene for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Relating Stomatal Conductance to Leaf Functional Traits
11:09

Relating Stomatal Conductance to Leaf Functional Traits

Published on: October 12, 2015

19.7K

ABA-glucose ester hydrolyzing enzyme ATBG1 and PHYB antagonistically regulate stomatal development.

Jeffrey Allen1, Konnie Guo1, Dongxiu Zhang2

  • 1Department of Biology and Program in Molecular Biology, Pomona College, Claremont, California, United States of America.

Plos One
|June 25, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) and light signaling pathways interact antagonistically to control stomatal development. ABA homeostasis and PHYTOCHROME B (PHYB) signaling oppositely regulate stomatal density and aperture.

More Related Videos

Identification of Novel Regulators of Plant Transpiration by Large-Scale Thermal Imaging Screening in Helianthus Annuus
07:08

Identification of Novel Regulators of Plant Transpiration by Large-Scale Thermal Imaging Screening in Helianthus Annuus

Published on: January 30, 2020

6.4K
Identification of the Genes Involved in Stomatal Development via Epidermal Phenotype Scoring
05:22

Identification of the Genes Involved in Stomatal Development via Epidermal Phenotype Scoring

Published on: January 20, 2023

2.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Relating Stomatal Conductance to Leaf Functional Traits
11:09

Relating Stomatal Conductance to Leaf Functional Traits

Published on: October 12, 2015

19.7K
Identification of Novel Regulators of Plant Transpiration by Large-Scale Thermal Imaging Screening in Helianthus Annuus
07:08

Identification of Novel Regulators of Plant Transpiration by Large-Scale Thermal Imaging Screening in Helianthus Annuus

Published on: January 30, 2020

6.4K
Identification of the Genes Involved in Stomatal Development via Epidermal Phenotype Scoring
05:22

Identification of the Genes Involved in Stomatal Development via Epidermal Phenotype Scoring

Published on: January 20, 2023

2.2K

Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Molecular Plant Physiology
  • Plant Development

Background:

  • Plant growth and development rely on integrating environmental signals, notably light and abscisic acid (ABA).
  • ABA and light signaling pathways often exhibit opposing roles in plant development, with their molecular interactions remaining incompletely understood.
  • The enzyme Arabidopsis thaliana β-glucosidase 1 (AtBG1) mobilizes inactive ABA, crucial for water deficit adaptation, as shown by impaired stomatal closure in atbg1 mutants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular dialogue between ABA signaling and light signaling in plant development.
  • To identify components involved in AtBG1-mediated physiological and developmental mechanisms.
  • To elucidate the antagonistic roles of ABA homeostasis and light signaling in stomatal development.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a suppressor screen to identify mutants affecting AtBG1-associated mechanisms.
  • Characterized a new mutant allele of PHYTOCHROME B (PHYB), termed vat1.
  • Analyzed stomatal density, stomatal closure, transpiration, and expression of stomatal development regulators in wild-type and mutant plants (atbg1, vat1/phyb).

Main Results:

  • The atbg1 mutant exhibited increased stomatal density and impaired stomatal closure.
  • The vat1/phyb mutation partially rescued the atbg1 phenotype by reducing stomatal aperture and normalizing stomatal density.
  • Evidence of crosstalk between AtBG1-mediated ABA signaling and PHYB-mediated light signaling in regulating stomatal development was observed.

Conclusions:

  • AtBG1-dependent ABA homeostasis and PHYB-mediated light signaling act antagonistically in controlling stomatal development.
  • This study reveals a novel interaction between ABA and light signaling pathways in regulating plant water relations and development.
  • Understanding this crosstalk is crucial for improving plant adaptation to environmental stresses like water deficit.