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Related Concept Videos

Ideal Solutions02:24

Ideal Solutions

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According to Raoult’s law, the partial vapor pressure of a solvent in a solution is equal or identical to the vapor pressure of the pure solvent multiplied by its mole fraction in the solution. However, Raoult's Law is only valid for ideal solutions. For a solution to be ideal, the solvent-solute interaction must be just as strong as a solvent-solvent or solute-solute interaction. This suggests that both the solute and the solvent would use the same amount of energy to escape to the...
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General Properties of Solutions02:12

General Properties of Solutions

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Many common substances around us exist as a solution, such as ocean water, air, and gasoline. All solutions are mixtures of substances that are composed of varying amounts of two or more types of atoms or molecules. A mixture with a non-uniform composition is a heterogeneous mixture, whereas a mixture with a uniform composition is a homogeneous mixture. The components that make the homogeneous mixture are evenly spread out and thoroughly mixed. 
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Solution Formation02:16

Solution Formation

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There is no one solvent that can dissolve every type of solute. Some substances that readily dissolve in a certain solvent might be insoluble in a different solvent. A simple way to predict which substances dissolve in which solvent is the phrase "like dissolves like". This means that polar substances, such as salt and sugar, dissolve in a polar substance like water. In contrast, non-polar substances are more soluble in non-polar solvents such as carbon tetrachloride.
This selective...
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Enthalpy of Solution02:39

Enthalpy of Solution

30.1K
There are two criteria that favor, but do not guarantee, the spontaneous formation of a solution:
30.1K
Standard Solutions01:14

Standard Solutions

2.4K
Standard solutions refer to solutions with a precisely known concentration or composition. A primary standard is a highly pure, high molar mass, stable substance that is entirely soluble in water, the most commonly used solvent in analytical chemistry. The primary standard solution can be used to standardize secondary standards, which are substances with known concentrations but are less pure and stable. Standard solutions are essential for achieving accurate and reliable results in analytical...
2.4K
Blank Solutions00:56

Blank Solutions

1.2K
A blank solution is a solution that does not contain the analyte, or the substance of interest being tested or measured. It is typically prepared using the same reagents and procedure as the sample solution but without adding the analyte. The primary purpose of preparing a blank solution is to account for any background interference or contamination that may affect the accuracy and reliability of the analytical method.
In some experimental cases, the reagents, solvents, or lab equipment used in...
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Probiotic Studies in Neonatal Mice Using Gavage
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Skin microbiome modulation induced by probiotic solutions.

Bernhard Paetzold1, Jesse R Willis2,3, João Pereira de Lima4

  • 1S-Biomedic, Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340, Beerse, Belgium. bernhard.paetzold@sbiomedic.com.

Microbiome
|June 26, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Scientists used living bacteria mixtures to alter skin microbiome composition. This approach successfully shifted recipient skin microbiomes toward the donor

Keywords:
Cutibacterium acnesMicrobiome transplantationSkin microbiome

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Dermatology
  • Microbiome research

Background:

  • Skin hosts numerous microorganisms, with distinct compositions in healthy versus diseased states.
  • Fecal transplants demonstrate the therapeutic potential of microbiome modulation for conditions like Clostridium difficile infections.
  • Altering skin microbiome composition presents a potential therapeutic avenue for skin diseases such as psoriasis and acne vulgaris.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the use of microbial mixtures for modulating skin microbiome composition.
  • To assess the feasibility of using donor skin microbiome components to alter recipient microbiomes.

Main Methods:

  • Sequential application of defined mixtures of skin microbiome components to recipient skin.
  • Analysis of microbiome composition changes following intervention.

Main Results:

  • Recipient skin microbiomes progressively resembled the donor microbiome after sequential applications.
  • An initial week-long dominance of donor strains was observed post-intervention.
  • Engraftment success varied based on recipient and donor microbiome composition, bacterial load, and specific microbial interactions (e.g., higher engraftment with Cutibacterium acnes subtype H1 and Leifsonia).

Conclusions:

  • Demonstrated the efficacy of using living bacteria to modulate skin microbiome composition.
  • Established a method for potentially re-engineering the skin microbiome for therapeutic purposes.