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Breathing01:05

Breathing

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The process of breathing, inhaling and exhaling, involves the coordinated movement of the chest wall, the lungs, and the muscles that move them. Two muscle groups with important roles in breathing are the diaphragm, located directly below the lungs, and the intercostal muscles, which lie between the ribs. When the diaphragm contracts, it moves downward, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and creating more room for the lungs to expand. When the intercostal muscles contract, the ribs...
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The neural regulation of respiration is a meticulously coordinated process primarily controlled by the respiratory centers located within the brainstem. These centers, composed of specialized neurons, transmit nerve impulses that control the contraction and relaxation of our respiratory muscles.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Investigation into Deep Breathing through Measurement of Ventilatory Parameters and Observation of Breathing Patterns
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Investigation into Deep Breathing through Measurement of Ventilatory Parameters and Observation of Breathing Patterns

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The logic behind neural control of breathing pattern.

Alona Ben-Tal1, Yunjiao Wang2, Maria C A Leite3

  • 1School of Natural and Computational Sciences, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand. a.ben-tal@massey.ac.nz.

Scientific Reports
|June 26, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a new Boolean network model to understand the neural control of breathing. This model predicts breathing patterns based on neuron properties, offering insights into respiratory rhythm generation and adaptable breathing control.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Computational Biology
  • Systems Biology

Background:

  • The respiratory rhythm generator controls breathing, adapting to various activities and conditions.
  • Its precise neural operating mechanisms remain largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the neural logic governing the breathing pattern.
  • To demonstrate selective control over inspiration and expiration timing.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a novel Boolean network representation of the neural system controlling respiration.
  • Analyzed network behavior based on neuron properties rather than specific activation values.

Main Results:

  • The Boolean network successfully predicted breathing pattern transitions (3-phase to 2-phase to 1-phase rhythms).
  • The framework reveals underlying logic in neural mechanisms controlling breathing.

Conclusions:

  • This new framework offers testable predictions for respiratory control mechanisms.
  • It provides novel insights into the adaptability and operational principles of the respiratory rhythm generator.