Environment mediated multipartite and multidimensional entanglement

Area of Science:

• Quantum Information Science
• Condensed Matter Physics
• Quantum Optics

Background:

• Quantum entanglement is typically fragile and susceptible to decoherence from environmental interactions.
• External environments, like thermal reservoirs, often degrade entanglement, limiting quantum information processing.
• However, environments can potentially be engineered to promote and stabilize entanglement.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the formation of multipartite entanglement in systems of qubits and higher-dimensional spins (qudits).
• To explore how reservoir-mediated interactions can lead to entanglement between these quantum systems.
• To characterize and validate methods for measuring multipartite entanglement in such engineered environments.

Main Methods:

• Studied a system of qubits and qudits interacting solely through mutual coupling to a common reservoir.
• Analyzed multipartite and multidimensional entanglement mediated by the bath.
• Employed an entanglement witness based on the structure factor to characterize entanglement.
• Compared the witness results with directly calculated entanglement of formation.

Main Results:

• Multipartite entanglement can form between qubits and between qudits at low temperatures and intermediate coupling strengths.
• Reservoir-mediated interactions can actively facilitate entanglement formation.
• The structure factor-based entanglement witness effectively characterizes multipartite entanglement.

Conclusions:

• Environmental coupling, when engineered, can be a resource for generating multipartite entanglement.
• This work demonstrates the potential for creating entanglement in complex quantum systems using controlled environmental interactions.
• The proposed measurement technique offers a practical approach for experimental verification.