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Engineered environments can foster quantum entanglement, even in systems of qubits and higher-dimensional spins (qudits). This study shows multipartite entanglement can form via reservoir-mediated interactions at low temperatures.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Optics

Background:

  • Quantum entanglement is typically fragile and susceptible to decoherence from environmental interactions.
  • External environments, like thermal reservoirs, often degrade entanglement, limiting quantum information processing.
  • However, environments can potentially be engineered to promote and stabilize entanglement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the formation of multipartite entanglement in systems of qubits and higher-dimensional spins (qudits).
  • To explore how reservoir-mediated interactions can lead to entanglement between these quantum systems.
  • To characterize and validate methods for measuring multipartite entanglement in such engineered environments.

Main Methods:

  • Studied a system of qubits and qudits interacting solely through mutual coupling to a common reservoir.
  • Analyzed multipartite and multidimensional entanglement mediated by the bath.
  • Employed an entanglement witness based on the structure factor to characterize entanglement.
  • Compared the witness results with directly calculated entanglement of formation.

Main Results:

  • Multipartite entanglement can form between qubits and between qudits at low temperatures and intermediate coupling strengths.
  • Reservoir-mediated interactions can actively facilitate entanglement formation.
  • The structure factor-based entanglement witness effectively characterizes multipartite entanglement.

Conclusions:

  • Environmental coupling, when engineered, can be a resource for generating multipartite entanglement.
  • This work demonstrates the potential for creating entanglement in complex quantum systems using controlled environmental interactions.
  • The proposed measurement technique offers a practical approach for experimental verification.