Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Column Efficiency: Plate Theory01:10

Column Efficiency: Plate Theory

2.0K
Band broadening in a chromatography column is measured by its efficiency. This is determined by the number of theoretical plates (N). Theoretical plate theory states that a separation column consists of a continuous series of imaginary plates where solute equilibration occurs between stationary and mobile phases.
A higher number of theoretical plates signifies better column efficiency and improved separation capabilities. Plate height affects bandwidth and separation quality; it is inversely...
2.0K
Electric Field of Parallel Conducting Plates01:16

Electric Field of Parallel Conducting Plates

1.7K
Gauss' law relates the electric flux through a closed surface to the net charge enclosed by that surface. Gauss's law can be applied to find the electric field and the charge enclosed in a region depending on its charge distribution.
Consider a cross-section of a thin, infinite conducting plate having a positive charge. For such a large thin plate, as the thickness of the plate tends to zero, the positive charges lie on the plate's two large faces. Without an external electric field, the...
1.7K
Fluid Pressure over Curved Plate of Constant Width01:12

Fluid Pressure over Curved Plate of Constant Width

1.9K
When a curved plate of constant width is submerged in a liquid, the pressure acting normal to the plate varies continuously both in magnitude and direction. Calculating the magnitude and location of the resultant force at a point is often challenging for such cases. One of the methods to determine the resultant force and its location involves separately calculating the horizontal and vertical components of the resultant force. This complex calculation can be simplified by representing the...
1.9K
Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates01:17

Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates

822
Understanding steady, laminar flow between parallel plates is essential for analyzing and designing flow in narrow rectangular channels, commonly found in various water conveyance and drainage systems. The Navier-Stokes equations govern fluid motion and are generally challenging to solve due to their nonlinearity. However, simplifications are possible in certain cases, like the steady laminar flow between parallel plates. For this scenario, we assume steady, incompressible, laminar flow.
822
Fluid Pressure over Flat Plate of Constant Width01:05

Fluid Pressure over Flat Plate of Constant Width

2.4K
When a body is submerged in water, it experiences fluid pressure acting normal on its surface and distributed over its area. For better design structures, it is crucial to determine the magnitude and location of the resultant force acting on the surface. In the case of a rectangular plate of constant width submerged in water, the pressure increases with depth, resulting in a linearly varying trapezoidal pressure distribution from the upper to the lower edge of the plate.
The resultant force...
2.4K
Fluid Pressure over Flat Plate of Variable Width01:02

Fluid Pressure over Flat Plate of Variable Width

2.1K
When a flat plate is submerged in a fluid, the fluid exerts pressure on the plate. This pressure can lead to many different phenomena, including drag and buoyancy. To understand the behavior of the fluid over a flat plate of variable width, it is essential to analyze the distribution of the pressure exerted.
The pressure distribution on the plate can be calculated by determining the force that acts on a differential area strip of the plate. Thus, the magnitude of the force is equal to the...
2.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Ultra-large targeted DNA integrations in primary human cells.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

A familiar newcomer to the thermogenetic toolset.

Nature chemical biology·2026
Same author

DROP-CARs: Engineering Reversible, Drug-Controlled CAR T Cell Activity with a Clinically Approved Small Molecule.

Cancer research·2026
Same author

Spike-in probe-enhanced single-cell RNA-seq reveals post-infusion transcriptomic remodeling of "prime-and-kill" synNotch-CAR-T cells.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Optogenetic Translocation to Subcellular Compartments through Regulation of Protein Avidity.

ACS synthetic biology·2026
Same author

Intramolecular competition generates pulsatory protein activity shaped by light, temperature, and evolution.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same journal

An assay to quantify sexual commitment and stage conversion in the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum.

Nature protocols·2026
Same journal

Author Correction: Direct inoculation of bioreactor-controlled stirred suspension culture with cryopreserved human pluripotent stem cells.

Nature protocols·2026
Same journal

High-throughput measurements of protein domain functions using magnetic separation.

Nature protocols·2026
Same journal

Inducing physiological polarity and performing gene editing using CRISPR-Cas9 in human trophoblast organoids.

Nature protocols·2026
Same journal

Photocatalytic low-temperature defluorination of PTFE.

Nature protocols·2026
Same journal

Multimodal imaging and quantification of lanthanide chelate-labeled micro- and nanoplastics in plants.

Nature protocols·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Author Spotlight: Advancing Optogenetics Research Using Lustro
03:26

Author Spotlight: Advancing Optogenetics Research Using Lustro

Published on: August 4, 2023

1.0K

High-throughput multicolor optogenetics in microwell plates.

Lukasz J Bugaj1,2, Wendell A Lim3,4,5,6

  • 1Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. bugaj@seas.upenn.edu.

Nature Protocols
|June 26, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed the optoPlate-96, a 3D-printable platform for high-throughput optogenetics experiments. This system enables simultaneous control of multiple optogenetic probes, facilitating complex cell biology research with high-dimensional, single-cell resolution data.

More Related Videos

Production of Large Numbers of Size-controlled Tumor Spheroids Using Microwell Plates
10:44

Production of Large Numbers of Size-controlled Tumor Spheroids Using Microwell Plates

Published on: November 18, 2013

18.0K
An Economical and Versatile High-Throughput Protein Purification System Using a Multi-Column Plate Adapter
10:08

An Economical and Versatile High-Throughput Protein Purification System Using a Multi-Column Plate Adapter

Published on: May 21, 2021

4.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Author Spotlight: Advancing Optogenetics Research Using Lustro
03:26

Author Spotlight: Advancing Optogenetics Research Using Lustro

Published on: August 4, 2023

1.0K
Production of Large Numbers of Size-controlled Tumor Spheroids Using Microwell Plates
10:44

Production of Large Numbers of Size-controlled Tumor Spheroids Using Microwell Plates

Published on: November 18, 2013

18.0K
An Economical and Versatile High-Throughput Protein Purification System Using a Multi-Column Plate Adapter
10:08

An Economical and Versatile High-Throughput Protein Purification System Using a Multi-Column Plate Adapter

Published on: May 21, 2021

4.7K

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biotechnology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Optogenetic probes offer powerful capabilities for dissecting cellular complexity.
  • Existing instrumentation limits the potential for automated, high-information-content optogenetics experiments.
  • A need exists for advanced platforms to support multi-color and high-throughput optogenetic studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the construction and application of the optoPlate-96, a novel platform for high-throughput optogenetics.
  • To enable simultaneous manipulation of red- and blue-light-sensitive optogenetic probes in 96- and 384-well plates.
  • To facilitate complex optogenetics experiments with independent control over stimulation parameters and high-dimensional, single-cell outputs.

Main Methods:

  • The optoPlate-96 platform was designed for individual well or group illumination in standard microplates.
  • Utilizes 3D printing and laser cutting from open-source files, with commercially available components for assembly.
  • Incorporates an active cooling system to minimize sample heating during light-intensive experiments.

Main Results:

  • The optoPlate-96 allows for precise, non-cross-illuminating stimulation in 96-well plates.
  • Assembly and testing are achievable within 3-4 hours using basic equipment, at an estimated cost of ~$600.
  • Demonstrated successful application in stimulating adherent mammalian cells, with analysis via quantitative single-cell immunofluorescence.

Conclusions:

  • The optoPlate-96 provides an accessible and cost-effective solution for advanced, high-throughput optogenetics.
  • Enables complex experimental designs with independent control of stimulation colors, intensity, dynamics, and timing.
  • Facilitates high-dimensional data acquisition at single-cell resolution, advancing cell biology and neuroscience research.