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Mesenchymal stem cells decrease blood-brain barrier permeability in rats with severe acute pancreatitis.

Ronggui Lin1, Ming Li2, Meiqin Luo3

  • 11Department of General surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001 People's Republic of China.

Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters
|June 26, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) treatment reduced blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and cerebral edema in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) rats. MSCs offer protective effects by modulating inflammatory markers and endothelial cell apoptosis.

Keywords:
Blood–brain barrierEndothelial cellInflammatory responseMesenchymal stem cellSevere acute pancreatitis

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) can lead to blood-brain barrier (BBB) impairment, causing cerebral edema and pancreatic encephalopathy.
  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess pleiotropic functions and are explored for therapeutic potential.
  • Understanding MSCs' impact on BBB integrity in SAP is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the therapeutic effects of MSCs on BBB permeability in a rat model of SAP.
  • To elucidate the underlying mechanisms by which MSCs influence BBB function during SAP.

Main Methods:

  • Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control, SAP, and SAP+MSCs groups.
  • Evaluated pancreatic impairment, serum inflammatory markers (amylase, TNF-α, IL-10), BBB permeability, and endothelial cell apoptosis.
  • Assessed expression of tight junction protein claudin-5, apoptosis-related proteins (Bax, Bcl-2), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9).

Main Results:

  • SAP induced significant BBB impairment, increased permeability, and cerebral edema.
  • MSC treatment reduced serum amylase and TNF-α, increased IL-10, and attenuated brain microvascular endothelial cell apoptosis.
  • MSCs upregulated claudin-5 expression, downregulated MMP-9, and decreased BBB permeability in SAP rats.

Conclusions:

  • MSCs demonstrated protective effects in SAP by attenuating BBB impairment and reducing its permeability.
  • MSC therapy holds promise for mitigating neurological complications associated with severe acute pancreatitis.