Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis in SJL Mice
Published on: December 17, 2010
Hypophysitis induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors in a Scottish melanoma population
Khor Zhong Wei1,1, Mark Baxter1,2,1,2, Richard Casasola1,1
1Department of Oncology, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK.
Aim:
This study aims to determine the incidence of all immune-mediated adverse events (IMAEs) with a focus on hypophysitis in patients with metastatic melanoma receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI).
Methods:
51 patients with metastatic melanoma who received immune checkpoint inhibitors (ipilimumab, pembrolizumab and nivolumab) in Ninewells Hospital, Dundee between 2014 and 2018 were identified. Patient demographic data and outcomes were recorded retrospectively.
Results:
A total of 6 patients (11.7%) developed hypophysitis, while 15 patients (29.4%) developed IMAEs. A significant improvement in overall survival (p = 0.03) and progression-free survival (p = 0.041) was seen in patients who developed IMAEs compared with those who did not.
Conclusion:
This study demonstrates a high rate of hypophysitis in melanoma patients receiving ipilimumab. Careful monitoring of symptoms is crucial to detect and appropriately manage IMAEs.
Related Concept Videos
The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint
Many proteins function together to control the spindle assembly checkpoint. Mutations affecting these proteins may allow cells to proceed into anaphase prematurely, resulting in the...
Eukaryotic Transcription Inhibitors
Eukaryotic transcription inhibitors usually contain two distinct domains, a...
Conservation of Small Populations
What is Population Genetics?
Population Growth
What is the Immune System?

