Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Long-term Depression01:05

Long-term Depression

33.2K
Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
33.2K
Long-term Depression01:03

Long-term Depression

3.1K
Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Calcium Ion Concentration Mechanism
If over...
3.1K
Freezing Point Depression and Boiling Point Elevation03:12

Freezing Point Depression and Boiling Point Elevation

39.6K
Boiling Point Elevation
The boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which its vapor pressure is equal to ambient atmospheric pressure. Since the vapor pressure of a solution is lowered due to the presence of nonvolatile solutes, it stands to reason that the solution’s boiling point will subsequently be increased. Vapor pressure increases with temperature, and so a solution will require a higher temperature than will pure solvent to achieve any given vapor pressure, including one...
39.6K
Depressants01:28

Depressants

385
Depressant drugs, including alcohol and sedative-hypnotics, diminish central nervous system activity by enhancing the action of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter that reduces brain activity and promotes relaxation. These substances can have various therapeutic uses but also pose significant risks, especially when misused or combined.
Alcohol is a common depressant that can induce a sense of relaxation and reduced inhibition at low doses. Contrary to its occasional...
385
Depression: Overview01:18

Depression: Overview

813
Depression is a prevalent mental illness marked by persistent sadness and lack of interest in previously enjoyable activities. It can take several forms, including major depression, persistent depressive disorder, and bipolar I and II disorders. Symptoms range from emotional changes like chronic worry to physical changes like sleep disturbances and suicidal thoughts. From a neurobiological perspective, depression is believed to be triggered by abnormalities in the brain's prefrontal cortex,...
813
Depressive Disorders: Etiology01:27

Depressive Disorders: Etiology

460
Depressive disorders result from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, each contributing uniquely to the development and persistence of the condition. Understanding these factors provides critical insight into the multifaceted nature of depression.
Biological Factors in Depression
Biological predispositions significantly influence the risk of developing depressive disorders. Genetic studies highlight the role of variations in the serotonin transporter...
460

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The Clinical Relevance of Diabetes Distress versus Major Depression in Type 2 Diabetes: A Latent Class Analysis from the Fremantle Diabetes Study Phase II.

Journal of clinical medicine·2023
Same author

Poststroke Depression: An Update.

The Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences·2023
Same author

Temporal Trends in Mortality Associated with Comorbid Type 2 Diabetes and Schizophrenia: The Fremantle Diabetes Study.

Journal of clinical medicine·2023
Same author

Donepezil alone and combined with intensive language-action therapy on depression and apathy in chronic post-stroke aphasia: A feasibility study.

Brain and language·2022
Same author

Spectrum of neuropsychiatric symptoms in chronic post-stroke aphasia.

World journal of psychiatry·2022
Same author

Intensive aphasia therapy improves low mood in fluent post-stroke aphasia: Evidence from a case-controlled study.

Neuropsychological rehabilitation·2020

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 23, 2026

A Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Technique for Inducing Post-stroke Depression in Rats
04:38

A Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Technique for Inducing Post-stroke Depression in Rats

Published on: May 22, 2019

10.8K

Treatment of Post-Stroke Depression.

Sergio E Starkstein1, Bradleigh D Hayhow2,3

  • 1Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Fremantle Hospital T-7 UWA, Fremantle, 6959, Australia. sergio.starkstein@uwa.edu.au.

Current Treatment Options in Neurology
|June 26, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Effective treatments for post-stroke depression (PSD) include antidepressants like escitalopram and paroxetine, and cognitive behavioral therapy. Early intervention with these therapies may improve outcomes and potentially reduce mortality after stroke.

Keywords:
AnxietyDepressionNeuromodulationPharmacotherapyPsychotherapyStroke

More Related Videos

MRI-guided dmPFC-rTMS as a Treatment for Treatment-resistant Major Depressive Disorder
08:20

MRI-guided dmPFC-rTMS as a Treatment for Treatment-resistant Major Depressive Disorder

Published on: August 11, 2015

14.5K
Individualized rTMS Treatment for Depression using an fMRI-Based Targeting Method
07:12

Individualized rTMS Treatment for Depression using an fMRI-Based Targeting Method

Published on: August 2, 2021

4.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 23, 2026

A Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Technique for Inducing Post-stroke Depression in Rats
04:38

A Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Technique for Inducing Post-stroke Depression in Rats

Published on: May 22, 2019

10.8K
MRI-guided dmPFC-rTMS as a Treatment for Treatment-resistant Major Depressive Disorder
08:20

MRI-guided dmPFC-rTMS as a Treatment for Treatment-resistant Major Depressive Disorder

Published on: August 11, 2015

14.5K
Individualized rTMS Treatment for Depression using an fMRI-Based Targeting Method
07:12

Individualized rTMS Treatment for Depression using an fMRI-Based Targeting Method

Published on: August 2, 2021

4.1K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a common complication following a stroke.
  • Neuroinflammation, reduced neurogenesis, and impaired plasticity are implicated in PSD.
  • Stroke severity, physical disability, and functional loss are key predictors of PSD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically appraise current therapeutic strategies for post-stroke depression (PSD).
  • To review recent evidence for pharmacological, psychosocial, and neuromodulation interventions in PSD.
  • To discuss the role of antidepressants and psychotherapy in PSD prevention and their impact on stroke mortality.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent evidence on pharmacological, psychosocial, and neuromodulation interventions for PSD.
  • Analysis of meta-analyses on the efficacy of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy.
  • Evaluation of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for psychotherapy and neuromodulation techniques.

Main Results:

  • Antidepressants (escitalopram, paroxetine) and psychotherapy show significant efficacy in treating PSD compared to placebo.
  • Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) like escitalopram and paroxetine are effective antidepressants.
  • Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the most effective psychotherapeutic intervention for PSD.
  • Neuromodulation techniques (rTMS, tDCS) and novel psychosocial interventions show potential but require further research.

Conclusions:

  • Pharmacological therapy with antidepressants and psychotherapy are first-line treatments for PSD.
  • Antidepressant treatment may reduce mortality in stroke patients.
  • Further research is needed for neuromodulation and novel psychosocial interventions in PSD management.