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Mindfulness-Based Smoking Cessation Enhanced With Mobile Technology (iQuit Mindfully): Pilot Randomized Controlled

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Mindfulness training combined with text messages is a feasible way to help people quit smoking. This approach particularly benefits low-income smokers by providing accessible support and resources for cessation.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Science
  • Public Health
  • Digital Health

Background:

  • Mindfulness training shows effectiveness in smoking cessation and relapse prevention.
  • Mobile health interventions, like text messaging, can improve engagement and outcomes in cessation programs.
  • Personalized, real-time text support is beneficial for low-income smokers with limited resources.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the feasibility of the iQuit Mindfully text messaging program as a supplement to in-person Mindfulness-Based Addiction Treatment (MBAT) for smoking cessation.
  • To evaluate participant engagement, satisfaction, and retention in a mindfulness-based smoking cessation program augmented with text messaging.

Main Methods:

  • A pilot study randomly assigned 71 participants to either MBAT or iQuit Mindfully (MBAT + text messages).
  • The study included a high proportion of African American participants and those with low income.
  • Outcomes measured feasibility (attrition, engagement, ratings), participant feedback, and biochemically confirmed smoking cessation.

Main Results:

  • High retention rates were observed (76% at end of treatment, 89% at 1-month follow-up).
  • The iQuit Mindfully group showed high engagement with text messages (88% read most texts, 89% engaged interactively) and positive ratings (recommendation score 8.4/10).
  • Biochemically confirmed smoking cessation rates were 22% at treatment end and 19% at 1-month follow-up, with no significant group differences; low income predicted worse outcomes in the in-person only group.

Conclusions:

  • Text messaging is a feasible and acceptable method for supporting mindfulness-based smoking cessation.
  • The 24/7 availability of text messaging support is particularly valuable for low-income smokers facing daily barriers.
  • This digital health approach can enhance the effectiveness of traditional cessation treatments for underserved populations.