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Related Experiment Videos

Opioids and rat erythrocyte deformability.

D L Rhoads1, L X Wei, E T Lin

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Drug Studies Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco 94143.

NIDA Research Monograph
|January 1, 1986
PubMed
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Opioids reduce red blood cell deformability, impacting blood flow. This effect, observed in rats, is naloxone reversible and linked to opioid inhibition of calcium pumps essential for cell flexibility.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Hematology
  • Cell Physiology

Background:

  • Previous studies indicated opioids reduce human red blood cell (RBC) deformability.
  • This effect was dose-dependent, naloxone-reversible, with kappa-selective ligands showing high potency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of opioids on rat erythrocyte deformability.
  • To explore the mechanism underlying opioid-induced changes in RBC deformability.

Main Methods:

  • Rat erythrocytes were used to assess deformability via filtration time through a 5.0 µm pore membrane.
  • Opioid effects were studied in vitro and in vivo following drug administration.
  • Plasma concentrations of nalbuphine were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
  • Tolerance to morphine was assessed after chronic pellet implantation.

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Main Results:

  • In vitro opioid administration reduced rat erythrocyte deformability in a dose-dependent and naloxone-reversible manner.
  • In vivo administration of morphine and nalbuphine also decreased RBC deformability.
  • Nalbuphine's inhibitory effect correlated with its plasma concentration.
  • Chronic morphine treatment led to tolerance, diminishing morphine's in vitro effect.
  • Naloxone administration decreased erythrocyte filtration time.

Conclusions:

  • Opioids reduce red blood cell deformability in rats, confirming and extending previous human studies.
  • The mechanism involves the inhibition of erythrocyte calcium pumps (calcium-ATPase), which impairs calcium efflux necessary for deformability.
  • Opioid-induced reduction in RBC deformability is linked to calcium transport disruption.