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Effective dose conversion coefficient for gamma ray exposure from an overhead plume.

Riya Dey1,2, H K Patni3, Kapil Deo Singh1

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This study developed a Monte Carlo model to estimate radiation dose from nuclear plumes. The model accurately calculates effective dose conversion coefficients for ground receptors, crucial for nuclear facility safety assessments.

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear physics and radiation protection
  • Computational modeling and simulation
  • Environmental radioactivity assessment

Background:

  • External radiation exposure from overhead plumes containing gamma-emitting radionuclides poses a dose risk to ground receptors.
  • Accurate estimation of effective dose conversion coefficients (DCCs) is vital for nuclear facility safety during normal operations and accidental releases.
  • Existing methods require robust models to simulate radiation transport from plumes to human phantoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To implement a finite plume Monte Carlo model for direct estimation of effective dose conversion coefficients (DCCs).
  • To simulate radiation transport from a Gaussian plume to ICRP reference adult voxel phantoms.
  • To compute organ absorbed doses and effective DCCs under varying meteorological parameters and downwind distances.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the FLUKA Monte Carlo code for comprehensive simulation of radiation transport.
  • Modeled an overhead Gaussian plume with gamma-emitting radionuclides (135Xe and 41Ar).
  • Calculated organ absorbed doses and effective DCCs for the ICRP reference adult phantom.

Main Results:

  • Estimated the ratio of effective dose rate to kerma rate as 0.6 Sv Gy-1 for 135Xe and 0.65 Sv Gy-1 for 41Ar, constant across conditions.
  • Demonstrated that effective DCCs vary significantly with downwind distance in unstable weather but show minimal variation in stable conditions.
  • Validated the model's accuracy in calculating effective dose to ground receptors.

Conclusions:

  • The developed Monte Carlo model provides an accurate method for calculating effective dose from external plumes.
  • The findings are applicable to any radionuclide and meteorological condition, enhancing nuclear safety protocols.
  • The study highlights the importance of considering meteorological parameters and downwind distance in dose assessment.