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Cockade structures as a paleo-earthquake proxy in upper crustal hydrothermal systems
Alfons Berger1, Marco Herwegh2
1Institute of Geological Science University Bern, Baltzerstr. 1+3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland. alfons.berger@geo.unibe.ch.
Scientific Reports
|June 27, 2019
Summary
Cockades, hydrothermal mineral growths in fault breccias, reveal earthquake dynamics. Their rim growth patterns indicate seismic events, from main shocks to aftershocks, offering insights into fault behavior.
Area of Science:
- Geology
- Seismology
- Mineralogy
Background:
- Cockades are unique geological structures featuring clasts enveloped by spheroidal hydrothermal overgrowth rims.
- These formations are found within hydrothermal fault breccias, offering potential insights into fault dynamics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the formation of cockades and their rims to understand fault dynamics and seismic processes.
- To establish a link between geophysical phenomena and fault structures through the analysis of hydrothermal precipitates.
Main Methods:
- Detailed descriptions and geometrical data of cockades, rims, and cements in fault breccia.
- Mechano-chemical calculations integrating geometrical data to analyze seismic processes.
Main Results:
- Cockade formation is linked to rapid fracturing, dilation, and fluid pressure drops causing oversaturation.
- Fast rim growth suggests main shock events, while later rims and cemented cockades indicate aftershocks and interseismic periods, respectively.
Conclusions:
- Cockade growth rates can be used to unravel paleo-earthquake cycles.
- This study establishes a connection between geophysics and fault structures by analyzing hydrothermal precipitates.
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