Hyaluronan as a Promising Biomarker for Myocardial Damage

Hyaluronan is a glycosaminoglycan, one of the chief components of the extracellular matrix. The aim of the present study is to investigate plasma hyaluronan levels among patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This prospective study enrolled 56 consecutive patients with AMI who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention within 2 hours after admission. Plasma levels of hyaluronan were measured at the time of admission (baseline), and on the 7th and 30th day after AMI. Echocardiographic examinations were performed at baseline and on the 30th day after AMI. The hyaluronan levels were 33.2 ± 3.1 ng/ml (mean ± SD) at baseline, increased on the 7th day (46.2 ± 5.9 ng/ml), and continued to remain high on the 30th day after AMI (50.1 ± 5.1 ng/ml). There were significant correlations of the hyaluronan levels between baseline and on the 7th day (r = 0.535, p < 0.001) and between baseline and on the 30th day (r = 0.263, p = 0.05). Significant correlations were also found between hyaluronan levels on the 30th day, and the peak levels of CK-MB (r = 0.429, p = 0.001) or highly sensitive troponin levels (r = 0.360, p = 0.006). The hyaluronan levels were significantly higher on the 30th day after AMI in patients with anterior infarction, but not in patients with non-anterior infarction (p = 0.01 vs. p = 0.653). In conclusion, this is the first report that demonstrates the increase of plasma hyaluronan levels among patients with AMI.