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Dynamic disclination lines in nematic liquid crystals (LCs) were formed by flowing 5CB in microchannels. Surface defects on channel walls influenced the disclination line

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Nematic liquid crystals (LCs) exhibit director changes causing disclination lines.
  • Controlling these lines is crucial for LC device applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the formation of dynamic disclination lines in flowing nematic liquid crystals (LCs).
  • To investigate the influence of microchannel geometry and flow conditions on disclination line behavior.
  • To explore the potential of this phenomenon for surface defect detection.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 4-cyano-4'-pentylbiphenyl (5CB) nematic liquid crystal.
  • Flowed 5CB in rectangular microchannels with a high aspect ratio.
  • Varied flow conditions to reach critical Ericksen numbers.

Main Results:

  • A dynamic disclination line was observed to move towards the microchannel center at an Ericksen number of 8.5.
  • The final position of the disclination line was determined by the anchoring energy from side walls.
  • LC orientation was found to be sensitive to surface defects on the microchannel walls.

Conclusions:

  • Dynamic disclination lines in LCs can be controlled by flow and influenced by surface anchoring.
  • This phenomenon offers a sensitive method for detecting minute surface defects in microchannels.
  • Potential applications include high-sensitivity visual sensing and microfluidic device characterization.