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Related Concept Videos

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

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Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
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Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview01:17

Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview

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Ischemic heart disease occurs when the heart's blood supply dwindles, causing an ominous lack of oxygen and nutrients. This deficiency, stemming from reduced or obstructed blood flow, spells danger, leading to heart muscle damage and dysfunction.
Atherosclerosis, the primary malefactor, orchestrates this dangerous condition. It manifests as the accumulation of fatty deposits, akin to insidious plaques, within arterial walls. As time elapses, these plaques metamorphose, hardening and...
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Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management01:21

Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management

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Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) management can be divided into two main strategies: prevention and long-term management.Primary PreventionPrimary prevention focuses on timely diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis to prevent acute rheumatic fever. The most widely used antibiotic for treating this condition is intramuscular benzathine penicillin G.Acute Rheumatic Fever TreatmentThe primary treatment goal for a patient diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever is to suppress the...
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Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management01:20

Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management

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AssessmentA comprehensive assessment is essential in managing a patient with rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Begin with obtaining a detailed medical history, including recent streptococcal infections, a history of rheumatic fever, or previously diagnosed rheumatic heart disease. Assess the patient for symptoms such as fever, chest pain, widespread joint pain (arthralgia), tachycardia, pericardial friction rub, muffled heart sounds, heart murmurs, peripheral edema, subcutaneous nodules, and...
288
Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

523
The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
523
Anatomy of the Heart01:27

Anatomy of the Heart

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The human heart is made up of three layers of tissue that are surrounded by the pericardium, a membrane that protects and confines the heart. The outermost layer, closest to the pericardium, is the epicardium. The pericardial cavity separates the pericardium from the epicardium. Beneath the epicardium is the myocardium, the middle layer, and the endocardium, the innermost layer. There are four chambers of the heart: the right atrium, the right ventricle, the left atrium, and the left ventricle.
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Related Experiment Video

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Multimodal Optical Imaging Platform for Studying Cellular Metabolism
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Multimodality imaging in carcinoid heart disease.

Ali M Agha1, Juan Lopez-Mattei1,2, Teodora Donisan1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Division of Internal Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.

Open Heart
|June 28, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Neuroendocrine neoplasms can cause carcinoid heart disease, often presenting as valve dysfunction. Multimodality cardiovascular imaging is crucial for diagnosing and managing this condition in affected patients.

Keywords:
cardiac remodellingechocardiographytricuspid valve disease

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Oncology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) originate in the gastrointestinal tract and can manifest as carcinoid syndrome.
  • Carcinoid heart disease (CHD) impacts over 50% of NEN patients, with 20% experiencing it as the initial symptom of carcinoid syndrome.
  • CHD primarily causes valve dysfunction, though rare cases involve endocardial and myocardial metastasis from carcinoid tumors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of cardiovascular imaging in diagnosing and managing carcinoid heart disease.
  • To describe the features of carcinoid heart disease across various imaging modalities.
  • To outline the indications and utility of imaging studies in carcinoid heart disease.

Main Methods:

  • Review of multimodality cardiovascular imaging techniques.
  • Discussion of echocardiography, cardiac MRI, cardiovascular CT, and positron emission tomography.
  • Analysis of imaging findings in carcinoid heart disease.

Main Results:

  • Multimodality imaging enables comprehensive assessment of carcinoid heart disease.
  • Specific imaging features aid in diagnosis and prognosis.
  • Imaging guides management strategies for carcinoid heart disease.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiovascular imaging is essential for evaluating carcinoid heart disease.
  • Multimodality approaches provide detailed insights into CHD pathology.
  • Imaging findings directly influence patient management and outcomes.