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Related Concept Videos

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

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Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
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Electric Field01:16

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Consider two point charges, each exerting Coulomb force on the other. It is possible to describe the Coulomb interaction via an intermediate step by defining a new physical quantity called the electric field.
In the new picture, imagine that the first charge sets up an electric field independent of all other charges in the universe. When another charge comes in its vicinity, the second charge experiences an electric force depending on the electric field at that point. The source charge does not...
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Magnetic Fields01:27

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A moving charge or a current creates a magnetic field in the surrounding space, in addition to its electric field. The magnetic field exerts a force on any other moving charge or current that is present in the field. Like an electric field, the magnetic field is also a vector field. At any position, the direction of the magnetic field is defined as the direction in which the north pole of a compass needle points.
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Electromagnetic Fields01:30

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Electric fields generated by static charges, often referred to as electrostatic fields, are characteristically different from electric fields created by time-varying magnetic fields. While the former is a conservative field, implying that no net work is done on a test charge if it goes around in a complete loop in the field, the latter is, by definition, not a conservative field; net work is done, and it is proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux.
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Field Effect Transistor01:29

Field Effect Transistor

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Field-effect transistors (FETs) are integral to electronic circuits and distinguished by their three-terminal setup: the gate, drain, and source. These transistors operate as unipolar devices, which utilize either electrons or holes as charge carriers, in contrast to bipolar transistors, which use both types of carriers. The primary function of the FET is to modulate the flow of these carriers from the source to the drain through a channel. The voltage difference between the gate and source...
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Electric Field Lines01:25

Electric Field Lines

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The three-dimensional representation of the electric field of a positive point charge requires tracing the electric field vectors, whose lengths decrease as the square of their distance from the charge and which point away from the charge at each point. This vector field is no doubt challenging to visualize. The visualization of electric fields becomes quickly intractable as the number of charges increases.
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Simulator Training for Endovascular Neurosurgery
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Quantitative Wide-Field Imaging Techniques for Fluorescence Guided Neurosurgery.

Pablo A Valdes1, Parikshit Juvekar1, Nathalie Y R Agar1

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.

Frontiers in Surgery
|June 28, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Quantitative fluorescence imaging enhances neurosurgery by providing precise tumor margin identification. Recent advancements focus on wide-field quantitative fluorescence guidance for improved surgical accuracy and outcomes.

Keywords:
brain tumorsfluorescence-guided surgeryprotoporphyrin IXquantitative fluorescence imagingtissue optical properties

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Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Medical Imaging
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) aids disease diagnosis and treatment across various medical disciplines.
  • In neurosurgery, FGS aims to improve tumor and margin visualization for surgeons.
  • Current FGS technologies are largely qualitative, restricting precise measurements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in quantitative fluorescence guidance technologies.
  • To highlight developments in wide-field quantitative fluorescence imaging for neurosurgery.

Main Methods:

  • Overview of recent developments in quantitative fluorescence guidance.
  • Focus on technologies enabling accurate and repeatable measurements in FGS.
  • Exploration of wide-field quantitative fluorescence imaging approaches.

Main Results:

  • Current FGS technologies lack quantitative capabilities, limiting diagnostic and therapeutic precision.
  • Developments in fluorescence quantification are crucial for overcoming FGS limitations.
  • Recent progress includes wide-field quantitative fluorescence imaging for neurosurgical applications.

Conclusions:

  • Quantitative fluorescence imaging is essential for advancing FGS in neurosurgery.
  • Novel technologies are needed to enable accurate, reliable, and repeatable measurements.
  • Wide-field quantitative approaches represent the future of FGS in neurosurgery.