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Qualitative and Quantitative Validation of Tools with Rating Scales Aimed at Assessing the Quality of University Service-Learning
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Development and validation of a quality appraisal tool for validity studies (QAVALS).

Shweta Gore1, Allon Goldberg2, Min H Huang2

  • 1Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, MGH Institute of Health Professions, Boston, MA, USA.

Physiotherapy Theory and Practice
|June 28, 2019
PubMed
Summary

A new tool, QAVALS, was developed to assess the methodological quality of validity studies. It demonstrates strong content validity and excellent reliability for systematic reviews.

Keywords:
COPDchronic obstructive pulmonary diseasephysical activityquestionnairesvalidation

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Area of Science:

  • Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis
  • Measurement Science
  • Health Research Methodology

Background:

  • Methodological quality appraisal is crucial for systematic reviews.
  • Existing tools are limited for non-randomized studies, particularly for measurement properties.
  • A need exists for a specialized tool for validity studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a quality appraisal tool for validity studies (QAVALS).
  • To evaluate the reliability and validity of the QAVALS tool.

Main Methods:

  • Initial item generation followed by expert review using content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI).
  • Content validity was established through two rounds of expert rating.
  • Inter-rater and test-retest reliability were assessed using weighted kappa coefficients.

Main Results:

  • The QAVALS tool was finalized with 24 items after expert review, achieving a content validity index of 0.90.
  • Excellent test-retest reliability (kappa = 0.80-0.84) and good overall inter-rater reliability (kappa = 0.70) were demonstrated.
  • Four items showed low individual item reliability, suggesting areas for future refinement.

Conclusions:

  • QAVALS is the first quality appraisal tool specifically designed for validity studies.
  • The tool exhibits strong content validity and robust reliability (inter-rater and test-retest).
  • QAVALS can enhance the quality assessment of validity studies within systematic reviews.