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Noninvasive Determination of Vortex Formation Time Using Transesophageal Echocardiography During Cardiac Surgery
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Mycobacterium chimaera Encephalitis Following Cardiac Surgery: A New Syndrome

Darren Lau1, Ryan Cooper2, Justin Chen2

  • 1Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
|June 28, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Disseminated Mycobacterium chimaera infections following cardiac surgery can be fatal. These infections cause brain inflammation and organ damage, leading to neurocognitive decline and death, often misdiagnosed.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Cardiac surgery, particularly procedures involving cardiopulmonary bypass, carries a risk of rare infectious complications.
  • Mycobacterium chimaera is an atypical mycobacterium known to cause opportunistic infections.

Observation:

  • Three patients developed fatal disseminated Mycobacterium chimaera infections post-cardiac surgery.
  • Clinical presentation included progressive neurocognitive decline and multi-organ involvement.

Findings:

  • Autopsy revealed active granulomatous encephalitis as the cause of neurological symptoms.
  • Widespread dissemination of Mycobacterium chimaera was confirmed in multiple organs.

Implications:

  • This syndrome is clinically elusive, potentially leading to underdiagnosis and delayed treatment.
  • Increased awareness is crucial for early detection and management of Mycobacterium chimaera infections after cardiac surgery.
Keywords:
Mycobacterium chimaeracardiopulmonary bypassgranulomatous encephalitisinfection prevention and controlpost operative infections

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